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灌(guan)砂筒，

灌(guan)砂桶適用(yong)于在工地(di)測(ce)定砂土(tu)、砂礫土(tu)，砂礫料、級配礫石、水泥(ni)穩(wen)定土(tu)、石灰(hui)穩(wen)定土(tu)等的(de)容(rong)重，上述(shu)各種(zhong)集(ji)料的(de)zui大粒(li)徑不得超(chao)過(guo)(guo)25mm。測(ce)定容(rong)重層的(de)厚度不超(chao)過(guo)(guo)150mm。

使用方(fang)法

(1)在試驗地(di)點,選一(yi)塊平坦表面,并將其清掃干凈,其面積(ji)不得小于基板面上，

(2)將基板放在平坦表面(mian)(mian)上,當表面(mian)(mian)的(de)粗糙度(du)較大時,則將盛有量(liang)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)灌砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)筒(tong)放在基板中間的(de)圓孔上,將灌砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)筒(tong)的(de)開(kai)關(guan)打開(kai),讓砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)流(liu)入基板的(de)中孔內(nei),直(zhi)到儲(chu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)筒(tong)內(nei)不再下流(liu)時關(guan)閉開(kai)關(guan).取下灌砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)筒(tong),并稱(cheng)量(liang)筒(tong)內(nei)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)質量(liang),準確至1g.灌砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)筒(tong)注:當需要檢(jian)測厚(hou)度(du)時,應先測量(liang)厚(hou)度(du)后再進行(xing)進一步驟.

(3)取走基板(ban),并將(jiang)留在(zai)試(shi)驗地(di)點的量(liang)砂收回,重新將(jiang)表面(mian)清掃(sao)干凈(jing).

(4)將(jiang)基板(ban)放回清(qing)掃干凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面上(shang)(盡量放在原處),沿基板(ban)中孔鑿洞(dong)(洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)徑與灌砂筒(tong)(tong)一致(zhi)).在鑿筒(tong)(tong)過程中,應注意不(bu)使(shi)鑿出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料丟失,并(bing)隨時將(jiang)鑿松的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料取(qu)出(chu)裝入(ru)塑(su)料袋中,不(bu)使(shi)水分蒸發,也可放在大(da)試(shi)樣盒內.試(shi)洞(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深度應等(deng)于測(ce)定層(ceng)厚度,但不(bu)得有下層(ceng)材料混入(ru),zui后將(jiang)洞(dong)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)全部(bu)鑿松材料取(qu)出(chu).對土基或基層(ceng),為(wei)(wei)防止試(shi)樣盤(pan)內材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)水分蒸發,可分幾(ji)次(ci)稱取(qu)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量.全部(bu)取(qu)出(chu)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)質(zhi)量為(wei)(wei),準確至1g.

(5)從挖出的(de)(de)全部材料中取出有代表性的(de)(de)樣品(pin),放在鋁(lv)盒或(huo)(huo)潔凈的(de)(de)搪瓷盤中,測(ce)定(ding)其含水(shui)量(liang)(liang)(,以(yi)%計).樣品(pin)的(de)(de)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)如(ru)下(xia):用小灌砂筒測(ce)定(ding)時(shi),對于(yu)(yu)細(xi)粒(li)(li)(li)土,不(bu)(bu)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)100g;對于(yu)(yu)各(ge)種中粒(li)(li)(li)土,不(bu)(bu)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)500g.用大灌砂筒測(ce)定(ding)時(shi),對于(yu)(yu)細(xi)粒(li)(li)(li)土,不(bu)(bu)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)200g;對于(yu)(yu)各(ge)種中粒(li)(li)(li)土,不(bu)(bu)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)1000g;對于(yu)(yu)粗粒(li)(li)(li)土或(huo)(huo)水(shui)泥(ni),石灰(hui)(hui),粉煤灰(hui)(hui)等無機結合料穩定(ding)材料,宜將取出的(de)(de)全部材料烘干,且不(bu)(bu)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)2000g,稱其質量(liang)(liang),準確至1g.注(zhu):當(dang)為瀝青表面處治或(huo)(huo)瀝青貫入(ru)式(shi)結構類材料時(shi),則省去(qu)測(ce)定(ding)含水(shui)量(liang)(liang)步驟(zou).

(6)將基板安放在(zai)試坑上,將灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)安放在(zai)基板中(zhong)間(儲砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)放滿砂(sha)(sha)到要(yao)求質(zhi)(zhi)量),使灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的下口對(dui)準基板的中(zhong)孔及(ji)試洞(dong),打開(kai)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的開(kai)關(guan),讓砂(sha)(sha)流入(ru)試坑內(nei),在(zai)此期(qi)間,應注(zhu)意勿(wu)碰動(dong)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong).直到儲砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)的不再下流時,關(guan)閉開(kai)關(guan),仔細取走灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong),并稱量筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內(nei)剩余砂(sha)(sha)的質(zhi)(zhi)量,準確至1g.

(7)如清(qing)掃(sao)干(gan)凈的(de)平坦表面的(de)粗糙度不大,可省去(qu)(2)(3)的(de)操作.在(zai)試洞挖好后,將灌(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)直(zhi)接對準(zhun)放(fang)在(zai)試坑(keng)上(shang),中間不需要放(fang)基板,打開(kai)(kai)筒(tong)開(kai)(kai)關,讓砂(sha)(sha)流(liu)入試坑(keng)內.在(zai)此期間,應(ying)注(zhu)意勿碰動灌(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong).直(zhi)到儲(chu)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong)內的(de)砂(sha)(sha)不再(zai)下(xia)流(liu)時,關閉開(kai)(kai)關,仔細取走(zou)灌(guan)砂(sha)(sha)筒(tong),并稱量(liang)剩(sheng)余砂(sha)(sha)的(de)質量(liang),準(zhun)確至1g.

(8)仔細(xi)取(qu)出試筒(tong)內(nei)的量砂(sha),以備下(xia)次試驗時再用.若量砂(sha)的濕度已(yi)發生變化或量砂(sha)中(zhong)混有(you)雜質,則應該重新烘干(gan),過篩,并放置一段(duan)時間,使(shi)其(qi)與空氣(qi)的濕度達到(dao)平衡后再用.

操作(zuo)規程

1、將(jiang)盛有(you)量砂(sha)(M5)的(de)灌砂(sha)筒放在(zai)基(ji)板中間的(de)圓孔上(shang)，將(jiang)灌砂(sha)筒的(de)開關(guan)打開，讓砂(sha)流入基(ji)板的(de)中空內(nei)，直到(dao)砂(sha)不在(zai)流。取下灌砂(sha)筒，稱取量筒內(nei)砂(sha)的(de)質量(M6)，準確至1g。

2、稱取試坑中全部材(cai)料的總(zong)質(zhi)量Mw。

3、從挖出的全部(bu)材(cai)料(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)取有代表性的樣品，測(ce)定其(qi)含水量(liang)(ω，%)。用小灌砂筒測(ce)定時，細(xi)粒(li)(li)(li)土(tu)不(bu)小于100g，中(zhong)(zhong)粒(li)(li)(li)土(tu)不(bu)小于500g;用大砂筒，相應的細(xi)粒(li)(li)(li)土(tu)不(bu)小于200g，中(zhong)(zhong)粒(li)(li)(li)土(tu)不(bu)小于1000g，粗(cu)粒(li)(li)(li)土(tu)或無機(ji)結合料(liao)穩(wen)定材(cai)料(liao)，不(bu)少于2000g，稱(cheng)其(qi)質量(liang)(Md)。

4、將(jiang)基板(ban)放在試坑上，灌(guan)砂(sha)筒放在基板(ban)中間，打開灌(guan)砂(sha)筒開關，直至(zhi)砂(sha)不再流動(dong)，稱取量筒內(nei)砂(sha)的質量(M4

5、如清掃干凈(jing)的平坦表面(mian)的粗糙(cao)不大(da)可省去3的操作，試洞挖好后直接對準(zhun)放在(zai)試坑上，不需要(yao)放基板，打開筒的開關，zui后稱取剩余砂的質量(M4')。